Văn hóaHSK 319/07/20264 phút đọc
Thúc đẩy phát triển đồng bộ các ngành công nghiệp văn hóa
Tiêu đề tiếng Trung
推动文化产业联动发展
Thúc đẩy phát triển đồng bộ các ngành công nghiệp văn hóa
Nội Dung Song Ngữ
这并非单纯的咖啡馆或博物馆内的休憩空间，而是一种全新的文化空间组织模式。在这里，文化遗产、科技、教育、旅游等领域能够在同一平台上实现融合；艺术家、企业、管理者和公众也能够依托传统文化价值共同创新。
Đây không chỉ là quán cà phê hay không gian nghỉ ngơi trong bảo tàng mà là mô hình tổ chức không gian văn hóa mới. Ở đây, di sản văn hóa, công nghệ, giáo dục, du lịch và các lĩnh vực khác có thể được tích hợp trên cùng một nền tảng; các nghệ sĩ, doanh nghiệp, nhà quản lý và công chúng cũng có thể dựa vào các giá trị văn hóa truyền thống để cùng nhau đổi mới.
尽管目前仍处于提议阶段，但这一思路已为如何构建空间和机制，推动各文化产业在统一的联动链条中实现对接，进而形成可持续的协同效应，提供了一个值得深入思考的方向。
Dù mới ở giai đoạn đề xuất nhưng ý tưởng này đã đưa ra hướng đi đáng xem xét sâu sắc về cách xây dựng không gian, cơ chế thúc đẩy sự kết nối của các ngành văn hóa trong chuỗi liên kết thống nhất, từ đó hình thành hiệu ứng tổng hợp bền vững.
近年来，越南文化领域的一些行业呈现出诸多积极信号。电影业涌现出多部票房达数千亿越盾的影片；表演艺术蓬勃发展，一系列大型音乐会相继举办。
Những năm gần đây, một số ngành trong lĩnh vực văn hóa Việt Nam có nhiều tín hiệu tích cực. Ngành điện ảnh đã sản xuất ra một số bộ phim đạt doanh thu phòng vé hàng trăm tỷ đồng; nghệ thuật biểu diễn đang bùng nổ và hàng loạt buổi hòa nhạc quy mô lớn được tổ chức.
文化旅游日益彰显其作为越南“无烟工业”增长动力的重要作用。创意设计领域同样取得显著成果，许多传统手工艺村产品已成为越南在国际舞台上的文化名片。
Du lịch văn hóa ngày càng thể hiện vai trò quan trọng của mình như một động lực tăng trưởng cho “công nghiệp không khói thuốc” của Việt Nam. Lĩnh vực thiết kế sáng tạo cũng đạt được những kết quả đáng ghi nhận, nhiều sản phẩm làng nghề truyền thống đã trở thành tấm danh thiếp văn hóa của Việt Nam trên trường quốc tế.
然而，不难发现，大多数文化产业仍沿着各自的“轨道”发展。由于缺乏联动，许多文化价值被“束缚”其中，难以得到与其潜力相匹配的充分释放。
Tuy nhiên, không khó để nhận thấy hầu hết các ngành văn hóa vẫn đang phát triển theo “con đường” riêng của mình. Do thiếu tính liên kết nên nhiều giá trị văn hóa bị “ràng buộc”, khó được phát huy hết tương xứng với tiềm năng.
这一现状表明，各文化产业亟须加强协作，构建紧密的联动机制，使文化产品能够以多种形式融入社会生活，覆盖更加多元的受众群体，创造更多价值。
Thực trạng hiện nay cho thấy các ngành văn hóa cần khẩn trương tăng cường hợp tác, xây dựng cơ chế liên kết chặt chẽ để các sản phẩm văn hóa có thể hòa nhập vào đời sống xã hội dưới nhiều hình thức khác nhau, tiếp cận nhiều nhóm đối tượng đa dạng hơn và tạo ra nhiều giá trị hơn.
《至2030年及2045年愿景文化产业发展战略》也强调，要聚焦重点发展电影、表演艺术、软件和娱乐游戏、广告、手工艺、文化旅游等六大文化产业，加强产业联动，提升产品价值，推动文化价值开发利用和转化，使其成为国家软实力的重要支撑。
“Chiến lược phát triển công nghiệp văn hóa tầm nhìn đến năm 2030 và 2045” cũng nhấn mạnh sự cần thiết phải tập trung phát triển sáu ngành công nghiệp văn hóa lớn bao gồm điện ảnh, nghệ thuật biểu diễn, phần mềm và trò chơi giải trí, quảng cáo, thủ công mỹ nghệ và du lịch văn hóa, tăng cường liên kết công nghiệp, nâng cao giá trị sản phẩm và thúc đẩy phát triển, sử dụng và chuyển đổi giá trị văn hóa, biến nó thành hỗ trợ quan trọng cho quyền lực mềm của đất nước.
放眼韩国，“韩流”（Hallyu）的成功正是文化产业联动能力的生动体现。从影视、K-pop到时尚、美妆、餐饮、旅游，每一个领域都可以成为推动价值向其他领域延伸的起点。
Nhìn vào Hàn Quốc, sự thành công của “Làn sóng Hàn Quốc” (Hallyu) là sự phản ánh sinh động về khả năng liên kết của ngành văn hóa. Từ điện ảnh, truyền hình, K-pop đến thời trang, làm đẹp, ăn uống và du lịch, mọi lĩnh vực đều có thể trở thành điểm khởi đầu để mở rộng giá trị sang các lĩnh vực khác.
再看日本，Pokemon、Doraemon等品牌也充分彰显了具有全球影响力的创意生态体系价值。它们的发展并未止步于漫画和动画，还拓展至电子游戏、玩具、时尚、旅游、出版、设计、文创商品等多个领域。
Nhìn sang Nhật Bản, các thương hiệu như Pokemon, Doremon cũng đã thể hiện đầy đủ giá trị của một hệ sinh thái sáng tạo có tầm ảnh hưởng toàn cầu. Sự phát triển của họ không dừng lại ở truyện tranh, hoạt hình mà còn mở rộng sang trò chơi điện tử, đồ chơi, thời trang, du lịch, xuất bản, thiết kế, sản phẩm văn hóa, sáng tạo và các lĩnh vực khác.
从国际经验来看，在创意经济时代，文化产业竞争优势的形成，已不再取决于拥有多少资源，而在于能否将各种资源转化为价值链。这也是越南要推动文化产业真正“腾飞”所必须解决的关键问题。
Đánh giá từ kinh nghiệm quốc tế, trong thời đại kinh tế sáng tạo, việc hình thành lợi thế cạnh tranh của ngành văn hóa không còn phụ thuộc vào việc nó có bao nhiêu nguồn lực mà phụ thuộc vào việc liệu nó có thể chuyển hóa các nguồn lực khác nhau thành chuỗi giá trị hay không. Đây cũng là vấn đề mấu chốt mà Việt Nam phải giải quyết nếu muốn thúc đẩy sự “cất cánh” thực sự của ngành văn hóa.
对于越南而言，要通过文化产业联动实现价值倍增，首先必须转变思维方式。不能再将各个行业视为彼此独立的领域，而应把整个体系置于统一的创意链条之中，发掘可以相互连接的优势，明确各主体的作用，设计共同的价值链。
Đối với Việt Nam, để đạt được giá trị nhân đôi thông qua liên kết ngành văn hóa, trước hết phải thay đổi cách suy nghĩ. Mỗi ngành không còn có thể coi là một lĩnh vực độc lập mà toàn bộ hệ thống cần được đặt trong một chuỗi sáng tạo thống nhất, phát hiện những ưu điểm có thể kết nối với nhau, làm rõ vai trò của từng chủ thể, thiết kế chuỗi giá trị chung.
文化产业共用数字数据平台应尽快建立，确保实现标准化、共享和互联互通，为产品和市场联动奠定基础。
Nền tảng dữ liệu số dùng chung cho ngành văn hóa cần được thiết lập càng sớm càng tốt để đảm bảo tiêu chuẩn hóa, chia sẻ và kết nối, đồng thời đặt nền tảng cho liên kết sản phẩm và thị trường.
文化产业联动只有在国家、企业、艺术家、科研人员、教育机构和社会之间形成紧密联系的基础上，才能真正落到实处。因此，有必要建立跨部门协调合作机制，推动各方共享责任、资源，共同分享文化价值创造带来的成果。（完）
Liên kết công nghiệp văn hóa chỉ có thể thực sự được thực hiện trên cơ sở mối quan hệ chặt chẽ giữa đất nước, doanh nghiệp, nghệ sĩ, nhà nghiên cứu khoa học, cơ sở giáo dục và xã hội. Vì vậy, cần thiết lập cơ chế phối hợp, hợp tác liên ngành để thúc đẩy chia sẻ trách nhiệm và nguồn lực giữa các bên, cùng nhau chia sẻ kết quả tạo ra giá trị văn hóa. (qua)
Từ Vựng Trọng Tâm Trong Bài (327)
并非HSK 7
[bìng fēi]
really isn't
单纯HSK 4
[dān chún]
simple; pure; unsophisticated; merely; purely
咖啡HSK 3
[kā fēi]
coffee (loanword)
或HSK 2
[huò]
maybe; perhaps; might; possibly; or
博物馆HSK 5
[bó wù guǎn]
museum
内HSK 3
[nèi]
inside; inner; internal; within; interior
而是HSK 4
[ér shì]
rather
种HSK 3
[zhǒng]
seed; species; kind; type; classifier for types, kinds, sorts
全新HSK 6
[quán xīn]
all new; completely new
组织HSK 5
[zǔ zhī]
to organize; organization; (biology) tissue; (textiles) weave
模式HSK 5
[mó shì]
mode; method; pattern
这里HSK 1
[zhè lǐ]
variant of 这里
遗产HSK 4
[yí chǎn]
heritage; legacy; inheritance; bequest
科技HSK 3
[kē jì]
science and technology
同一HSK 6
[tóng yī]
identical; the same
融合HSK 6
[róng hé]
a mixture; an amalgam; fusion; welding together; to be in harmony with (nature); to harmonize with; to fit in
管理HSK 3
[guǎn lǐ]
to supervise; to manage; to administer; management; administration
者HSK 3
[zhě]
(after a verb or adjective) one who (is) ...; (after a noun) person involved in ...; -er; -ist; (used after a number or 后 or 前 to refer to sth mentioned previously); (used after a term, to mark a pause before defining the term); (old) (used at the end of a command); (old) this
公众HSK 6
[gōng zhòng]
public
依托HSK 7
[yī tuō]
to rely on; to depend on; support
创新HSK 3
[chuàng xīn]
to bring forth new ideas; to blaze new trails; innovation
尽管HSK 5
[jǐn guǎn]
despite; although; even though; in spite of; unhesitatingly; do not hesitate (to ask, complain etc); (go ahead and do it) without hesitating
目前HSK 3
[mù qián]
at the present time; currently
处于HSK 4
[chǔ yú]
to be in (some state, position, or condition)
提议HSK 7
[tí yì]
proposal; suggestion; to propose; to suggest
阶段HSK 4
[jiē duàn]
stage; section; phase; period
但HSK 2
[dàn]
but; yet; however; still; merely; only; just
思路HSK 7
[sī lù]
line of thought; way of thinking
如何HSK 3
[rú hé]
how; what way; what
空间HSK 4
[kōng jiān]
space; room; (fig.) scope; leeway; (astronomy) outer space; (physics, math.) space
中HSK 1
[Zhōng]
China; Chinese; surname Zhong
对HSK 1
[duì]
right; correct; towards; at; for; concerning; regarding; to treat (sb a certain way); to face; (bound form) opposite; facing; matching; to match together; to adjust; to fit; to suit; to answer; to reply; to add; to pour in (a fluid); to check; to compare; classifier: couple; pair
接HSK 2
[jiē]
to receive; to answer (the phone); to meet or welcome sb; to connect; to catch; to join; to extend; to take one's turn on duty; to take over for sb
进而HSK 7
[jìn ér]
and then (what follows next)
可HSK 5
[kě]
(prefix) can; may; able to; -able; to approve; to permit; to suit; (particle used for emphasis) certainly; very
持续HSK 3
[chí xù]
to continue; to persist; to last; sustainable; preservation
协同HSK 7
[xié tóng]
to cooperate; in coordination with; coordinated; collaborate; collaboration; collaborative
效应HSK 7
[xiào yìng]
effect (scientific phenomenon)
提供HSK 4
[tí gōng]
to offer; to supply; to provide; to furnish
值得HSK 3
[zhí de]
to be worth; to deserve
深入HSK 3
[shēn rù]
to penetrate deeply; thorough
思考HSK 4
[sī kǎo]
to reflect on; to ponder over
方向HSK 2
[fāng xiàng]
direction; orientation
近年来HSK 7
[jìn nián lái]
for the past few years
一些HSK 1
[yī xiē]
some; a few; a little; (following an adjective) slightly ...er
呈现HSK 7
[chéng xiàn]
to appear; to emerge; to present (a certain appearance); to demonstrate
诸多HSK 7
[zhū duō]
(used for abstract things) a good deal, a lot of
积极HSK 3
[jī jí]
active; energetic; vigorous; positive (outlook); proactive
信号HSK 2
[xìn hào]
signal
业HSK 7
[Yè]
surname Ye
涌现HSK 7
[yǒng xiàn]
to emerge in large numbers; to spring up; to emerge prominently
出HSK 1
[chū]
to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (used after a verb to indicate an outward direction or a positive result); classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc
部HSK 3
[bù]
ministry; department; section; part; division; troops; board; classifier for works of literature, films, machines etc
票房HSK 7
[piào fáng]
box office
数HSK 2
[shǔ]
to count; to count as; to regard as; to enumerate; to list
千HSK 2
[qiān]
thousand
亿HSK 2
[yì]
100 million
影片HSK 2
[yǐng piàn]
a copy of a film; film; motion picture; movie
蓬勃HSK 7
[péng bó]
vigorous; flourishing; full of vitality
一系列HSK 7
[yī xì liè]
a series of; a string of
大型HSK 4
[dà xíng]
large; large-scale
音乐会HSK 2
[yīn yuè huì]
concert
相继HSK 7
[xiāng jì]
in succession; following closely
举办HSK 3
[jǔ bàn]
to conduct; to hold
日益HSK 7
[rì yì]
day by day; more and more; increasingly; more and more with each passing day
作为HSK 4
[zuò wéi]
one's conduct; deed; activity; accomplishment; achievement; to act as; as (in the capacity of); qua; to view as; to look upon (sth as); to take sth to be
无HSK 4
[wú]
not to have; no; none; not; to lack; un-; -less
烟HSK 3
[yān]
cigarette or pipe tobacco; smoke; mist; vapour; tobacco plant; (of the eyes) to be irritated by smoke
工业HSK 3
[gōng yè]
industry
增长HSK 3
[zēng zhǎng]
to grow; to increase
动力HSK 3
[dòng lì]
motive power; force; (fig.) motivation; impetus
同样HSK 2
[tóng yàng]
same; equal; equivalent
取得HSK 2
[qǔ dé]
to acquire; to get; to obtain
显著HSK 4
[xiǎn zhù]
outstanding; notable; remarkable; statistically significant
传统HSK 4
[chuán tǒng]
tradition; traditional; convention; conventional
村HSK 3
[cūn]
village
舞台HSK 3
[wǔ tái]
(lit. and fig.) stage; arena
名片HSK 4
[míng piàn]
(business) card
然而HSK 4
[rán ér]
however; yet; but
不难HSK 7
[bù nán]
Not difficult
发现HSK 2
[fā xiàn]
to notice; to become aware of; to discover; to find; to detect; a discovery
大多数HSK 2
[dà duō shù]
(great) majority
仍HSK 3
[réng]
still; yet; to remain; (literary) frequently; often
沿着HSK 6
[yán zhe]
to go along; to follow
各自HSK 3
[gè zì]
each; respective; apiece
轨道HSK 6
[guǐ dào]
track (for trains etc); orbit (of a satellite); (fig.) a person's established path in life; desired trajectory (of a business or other endeavor); (audio engineering) track; (quantum mechanics) orbital
由于HSK 3
[yóu yú]
due to; as a result of; thanks to; owing to; since; because
缺乏HSK 5
[quē fá]
to lack; to be short of
许多HSK 2
[xǔ duō]
many; a lot of; much
被HSK 3
[bèi]
quilt; to cover (with); (literary) to suffer (a misfortune); used to indicate passive voice (placed before the doer of the action like "by" in English passive-voice sentences, or, if the doer is not mentioned, before the verb); (since c. 2009) (sarcastic or jocular) used to indicate that the following word should be regarded as being in air quotes (as in 被旅游 to "go on a trip", for example)
束缚HSK 7
[shù fù]
to bind; to restrict; to tie; to commit; fetters
其中HSK 2
[qí zhōng]
among; in; included among these
难以HSK 5
[nán yǐ]
hard to (predict, imagine etc)
得到HSK 1
[dé dào]
to get; to obtain; to receive
与其HSK 7
[yǔ qí]
rather than...; 与其 A 如 B (rather than A, better to B)
潜力HSK 6
[qián lì]
potential; capacity
匹配HSK 7
[pǐ pèi]
to mate or marry; to match; matching; compatible
释放HSK 7
[shì fàng]
to release; to set free; to liberate (a prisoner); to discharge
现状HSK 5
[xiàn zhuàng]
current situation
表明HSK 3
[biǎo míng]
to make clear; to make known; to state clearly; to indicate; known
须HSK 7
[xū]
must; to have to; to wait
协作HSK 7
[xié zuò]
cooperation; coordination
构建HSK 6
[gòu jiàn]
to construct (sth abstract)
动机HSK 5
[dòng jī]
motive; motivation
制HSK 7
[zhì]
system; to control; to regulate; variant of 制
能够HSK 2
[néng gòu]
to be capable of; to be able to; can
以HSK 7
[yǐ]
old variant of 以
多种HSK 4
[duō zhǒng]
many kinds of; multiple; diverse; multi-
形式HSK 3
[xíng shì]
outer appearance; form; shape; formality
融入HSK 6
[róng rù]
to blend into; to integrate; to assimilate; to merge
生活HSK 2
[shēng huó]
to live; life; livelihood
覆盖HSK 7
[fù gài]
to cover
更加HSK 3
[gèng jiā]
more (than sth else); even more
多元HSK 7
[duō yuán]
poly-; multi-; multielement; multivariant; multivariate (math.)
受HSK 3
[shòu]
to receive; to accept; to suffer; subjected to; to bear; to stand; pleasant; (passive marker)
群体HSK 5
[qún tǐ]
community; colony
更HSK 2
[gēng]
to change or replace; to experience; one of the five two-hour periods into which the night was formerly divided; watch (e.g. of a sentry or guard)
及HSK 7
[jí]
and; to reach; up to; in time for
年HSK 1
[Nián]
surname Nian
愿HSK 5
[yuàn]
honest; prudent; variant of 愿
景HSK 6
[Jǐng]
surname Jing
战略HSK 6
[zhàn lu:è]
strategy
强调HSK 3
[qiáng diào]
to emphasize (a statement); to stress
聚HSK 4
[jù]
to congregate; to assemble; to mass; to gather together; to amass; to polymerize
焦HSK 7
[Jiāo]
surname Jiao
重点HSK 2
[chóng diǎn]
to recount (e.g. results of election); to re-evaluate
电影HSK 1
[diàn yǐng]
movie; film
表演HSK 3
[biǎo yǎn]
play; show; performance; exhibition; to perform; to act; to demonstrate
软件HSK 5
[ruǎn jiàn]
(computer) software
娱乐HSK 6
[yú lè]
to entertain; to amuse; entertainment; recreation; amusement; hobby; fun; joy
广告HSK 2
[guǎng gào]
to advertise; a commercial; advertisement
手工HSK 4
[shǒu gōng]
handwork; manual
六HSK 1
[liù]
six; 6
大HSK 1
[dà]
big; large; great; older (than another person); eldest (as in 姐); greatly; freely; fully; (dialect) father; (dialect) uncle (father's brother)
加强HSK 3
[jiā qiáng]
to reinforce; to strengthen; to enhance
提升HSK 6
[tí shēng]
to promote (to a higher-ranking position); to lift; to hoist; (fig.) to elevate; to raise; to improve
开发HSK 3
[kāi fā]
to exploit (a resource); to open up (for development); to develop
利用HSK 3
[lì yòng]
to exploit; to make use of; to use; to take advantage of; to utilize
使HSK 3
[shǐ]
to make; to cause; to enable; to use; to employ; to send; to instruct sb to do sth; envoy; messenger
其HSK 5
[qí]
his; her; its; their; that; such; it (refers to sth preceding it)
软实力HSK 7
[ruǎn shí lì]
soft power (in international relations)
重要HSK 1
[zhòng yào]
important; significant; major
支撑HSK 6
[zhī chēng]
to prop up; to support; strut; brace
放HSK 1
[fàng]
to put; to place; to release; to free; to let go; to let out; to set off (fireworks)
眼HSK 2
[yǎn]
eye; small hole; crux (of a matter); classifier for big hollow things (wells, stoves, pots etc)
国HSK 1
[Guó]
surname Guo
流HSK 2
[liú]
to flow; to disseminate; to circulate or spread; to move or drift; to degenerate; to banish or send into exile; stream of water or sth resembling one; class, rate or grade
成功HSK 3
[Chéng gōng]
Chenggong or Chengkung town in Taitung County 台东县, southeast Taiwan
正是HSK 2
[zhèng shì]
is precisely
能力HSK 3
[néng lì]
capability; ability
生动HSK 3
[shēng dòng]
vivid; lively
体现HSK 3
[tǐ xiàn]
to embody; to reflect; to incarnate
影视HSK 3
[yǐng shì]
movies and television
美HSK 3
[Měi]
(bound form) the Americas (abbr. for 洲); (bound form) USA (abbr. for 美国)
餐饮HSK 5
[cān yǐn]
food and beverage; catering; repast
每HSK 3
[měi]
each; every
一HSK 1
[yī]
one; single; a (article); as soon as; entire; whole; all; throughout; "one" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 1); also pr. [yāo] for greater clarity when spelling out numbers digit by digit
都HSK 1
[Dū]
surname Du
成为HSK 2
[chéng wéi]
to become; to turn into
向HSK 2
[Xiàng]
surname Xiang
其他HSK 2
[qí tā]
other; (sth or sb) else; the rest
延伸HSK 5
[yán shēn]
to extend; to spread
起点HSK 6
[qǐ diǎn]
starting point
日HSK 1
[Rì]
abbr. for 本, Japan
本HSK 1
[běn]
root; stem; origin; source; this; the current; original; inherent; originally; classifier for books, periodicals, files etc
品牌HSK 6
[pǐn pái]
brand name; trademark
充分HSK 4
[chōng fèn]
ample; sufficient; adequate; full; fully; to the full
显HSK 5
[xiǎn]
to make visible; to reveal; prominent; conspicuous; (prefix) phanero-
了HSK 1
[le]
(completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)
具有HSK 3
[jù yǒu]
to have; to possess
全球HSK 3
[quán qiú]
entire; total; global; the (whole) world; worldwide
影响力HSK 6
[yǐng xiǎng lì]
influence; impact
生态HSK 7
[shēng tài]
ecology
它们HSK 2
[tā men]
they (for inanimate objects)
发展HSK 3
[fā zhǎn]
development; growth; to develop; to grow; to expand
并HSK 3
[bìng]
and; furthermore; also; together with; (not) at all; simultaneously; to combine; to join; to merge
未HSK 7
[wèi]
not yet; did not; have not; not; 8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month (7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep; ancient Chinese compass point: 210°
止步HSK 7
[zhǐ bù]
to halt; to stop; to go no farther
漫画HSK 5
[màn huà]
caricature; cartoon; Japanese manga
动画HSK 6
[dòng huà]
animation; cartoon
还HSK 1
[Huán]
surname Huan
拓展HSK 7
[tuò zhǎn]
to expand (one's client base, outlook etc)
至HSK 5
[zhì]
to arrive; most; to; until
电子HSK 3
[diàn zǐ]
electronic; electron (particle physics)
游戏HSK 3
[yóu xì]
game; to play
玩具HSK 3
[wán jù]
plaything; toy
时尚HSK 7
[shí shàng]
fashion; fad; fashionable
旅游HSK 2
[lǚ yóu]
trip; journey; tourism; travel; tour; to travel
出版HSK 5
[chū bǎn]
to publish
文HSK 7
[Wén]
surname Wen
创HSK 7
[chuàng]
variant of 创
商品HSK 3
[shāng pǐn]
commodity; goods; merchandise
等HSK 1
[děng]
class; rank; grade; equal to; same as; to wait for; to await; et cetera; and so on; et al. (and other authors); after; as soon as; once
多HSK 1
[duō]
many; much; too many; in excess; (after a numeral) ... odd; how (to what extent) (Taiwan pr. [duó]); (bound form) multi-; poly-
个HSK 1
[gě]
used in 自个儿
从HSK 1
[cóng]
variant of 从
国际HSK 2
[guó jì]
international
经验HSK 3
[jīng yàn]
experience; to experience
来HSK 1
[lái]
to come; (used as a substitute for a more specific verb); hither (directional complement for motion toward the speaker, as in 回来); ever since (as in 自古以来); for the past (amount of time); (prefix) the coming ...; the next ... (as in 来世); (between two verbs) in order to; (after a round number) approximately; (used after 得 to indicate possibility, as in 谈得来, or after 不 to indicate impossibility, as in 吃不来)
看HSK 1
[kān]
to look after; to take care of; to watch; to guard
经济HSK 3
[jīng jì]
economy; economic
时代HSK 3
[Shí dài]
Time, US weekly news magazine
竞争HSK 5
[jìng zhēng]
to compete; competition
已HSK 3
[yǐ]
already; to stop; then; afterwards
不再HSK 6
[bù zài]
no more; no longer
取决于HSK 7
[qǔ jué yú]
to hinge on; to be decided by; to depend on
拥有HSK 5
[yōng yǒu]
to have; to possess
多少HSK 1
[duō shǎo]
number; amount; somewhat
在于HSK 4
[zài yú]
to be in; to lie in; to consist in; to depend on; to rest with
能否HSK 6
[néng fǒu]
whether or not; can it or can't it; is it possible?
各种HSK 3
[gè zhǒng]
every kind of; all kinds of; various
转化HSK 5
[zhuǎn huà]
to change; to transform; isomerization (chemistry)
这HSK 1
[zhè]
(pronoun) this; these; (bound form) this; the (followed by a noun); (bound form) this; these (followed by a classifier) (in this sense, commonly pr. [zhèi], esp. in Beijing)
也HSK 1
[Yě]
surname Ye
是HSK 1
[shì]
to be (followed by substantives only); correct; right; true; (respectful acknowledgement of a command) very well; (adverb for emphatic assertion)
腾HSK 7
[téng]
(bound form) to gallop; to prance; (bound form) to soar; to hover; to make room; to clear out; to vacate; (verb suffix indicating repeated action)
飞HSK 1
[fēi]
to fly
所HSK 3
[suǒ]
actually; place; classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc; that which; particle introducing a relative clause or passive
解决HSK 3
[jiě jué]
to solve; to resolve; to settle (a problem); to eliminate; to wipe out (an enemy, bandits etc)
关键HSK 5
[guān jiàn]
crucial point; crux; key; crucial; pivotal
问题HSK 2
[wèn tí]
question; problem; issue; topic
对于HSK 4
[duì yú]
regarding; as far as (sth) is concerned; with regard to
越HSK 2
[Yuè]
generic word for peoples or states of south China or south Asia at different historical periods; abbr. for Vietnam 越南
南HSK 1
[Nán]
surname Nan
要HSK 1
[yāo]
(bound form) to demand; to coerce
通过HSK 2
[tōng guò]
to pass through; to get through; to adopt (a resolution); to pass (legislation); to pass (a test); by means of; through; via
倍HSK 4
[bèi]
(two, three etc) -fold; times (multiplier); double; to increase or multiply
增HSK 5
[zēng]
(bound form) to increase; to augment; to add to
首先HSK 3
[shǒu xiān]
first (of all); in the first place
必须HSK 2
[bì xū]
to have to; must; compulsory; necessarily
转变HSK 3
[zhuǎn biàn]
to change; to transform; shift; transformation
思维HSK 5
[sī wéi]
(line of) thought; thinking
方式HSK 3
[fāng shì]
way; manner; style; mode; pattern
不HSK 1
[bù]
no; not so; (bound form) not; un-
能HSK 1
[Néng]
surname Neng
再HSK 1
[zài]
again; once more; re-; second; another; then (after sth, and not until then); no matter how ... (followed by an adjective or verb, and then (usually) 也 or 都 for emphasis)
将HSK 5
[jiāng]
will; shall; to use; to take; to checkmate; just a short while ago; (introduces object of main verb, used in the same way as 把)
各个HSK 4
[gè gè]
every; various; separately, one by one
行业HSK 4
[háng yè]
trade; profession; industry; business
视为HSK 5
[shì wéi]
to view as; to see as; to consider to be; to deem
彼此HSK 5
[bǐ cǐ]
each other; one another
独立HSK 4
[dú lì]
independent; independence; to stand alone
领域HSK 7
[lǐng yù]
domain; sphere; field; territory; area
而HSK 4
[ér]
and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast)
把HSK 3
[bǎ]
to hold; to grasp; to hold a baby in position to help it urinate or defecate; handlebar; classifier: handful, bundle, bunch; classifier for things with handles; (used to put the object before the verb: 把 + {noun} + {verb})
整个HSK 3
[zhěng gè]
whole; entire; total
体系HSK 7
[tǐ xì]
system; setup
置HSK 7
[zhì]
to install; to place; to put; to buy
于HSK 6
[Yú]
surname Yu
统一HSK 4
[tǒng yī]
to unify; to integrate; unified; integrated
创意HSK 6
[chuàng yì]
creative; creativity
条HSK 2
[tiáo]
strip; item; article; clause (of law or treaty); classifier for long thin things (ribbon, river, road, trousers etc)
之中HSK 5
[zhī zhōng]
inside; among; in the midst of (doing sth); during
发掘HSK 7
[fā jué]
to excavate; to explore; (fig.) to unearth; to tap into
可以HSK 2
[kě yǐ]
can; may; possible; able to; not bad; pretty good
相互HSK 3
[xiāng hù]
each other; mutual
连接HSK 5
[lián jiē]
to link; to join; to connect
优势HSK 3
[yōu shì]
superiority; dominance; advantage
明确HSK 3
[míng què]
clear-cut; definite; explicit; to clarify; to specify; to make definite
主体HSK 5
[zhǔ tǐ]
main part; bulk; body; subject; agent
作用HSK 2
[zuò yòng]
to act on; to affect; action; function; activity; impact; result; effect; purpose; intent; (suffix) -ation, -tion etc, as in 用, inhibition
设计HSK 3
[shè jì]
to design; to plan; design; plan
共HSK 4
[gòng]
common; general; to share; together; total; altogether; abbr. for 共产党, Communist party
用HSK 1
[yòng]
to use; to employ; to have to; to eat or drink; expense or outlay; usefulness; hence; therefore
数字HSK 2
[shù zì]
numeral; digit; number; figure; amount; digital (electronics etc)
数据HSK 4
[shù jù]
data
平台HSK 6
[píng tái]
platform; terrace; flat-roofed building
应HSK 4
[Yīng]
surname Ying; Taiwan pr. [Yìng]
尽快HSK 4
[jǐn kuài]
as quickly as possible; as soon as possible
确保HSK 3
[què bǎo]
to ensure; to guarantee
实现HSK 2
[shí xiàn]
to achieve; to implement; to realize; to bring about
标准HSK 3
[biāo zhǔn]
standard; norm; criterion; (adjective) standard; good; correct; conforming to a standard
化HSK 3
[huā]
variant of 花
通HSK 2
[tōng]
to go through; to know well; (suffix) expert; to connect; to communicate; open; to clear; classifier for letters, telegrams, phone calls etc
为HSK 2
[wéi]
as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do; by (in the passive voice)
产品HSK 4
[chǎn pǐn]
goods; merchandise; product
市场HSK 3
[shì chǎng]
marketplace; market (also in abstract)
奠定HSK 7
[diàn dìng]
to establish; to fix; to settle
产业HSK 5
[chǎn yè]
industry; estate; property; industrial
动HSK 1
[dòng]
(of sth) to move; to set in movement; to displace; to touch; to make use of; to stir (emotions); to alter; abbr. for 动词, verb
只有HSK 3
[zhǐ yǒu]
only have ...; there is only ...; (used in combination with 才) it is only if one ... (that one can ...) (Example: 只有通过治疗才能痊愈 "the only way to cure it is with therapy"); it is only ... (who ...) (Example: 要 "only men would have such a requirement"); (used to indicate that one has no alternative) one can only (do a certain thing) (Example: 服 "the only thing you can do is give in")
在HSK 1
[zài]
to exist; to be alive; (of sb or sth) to be (located) at; (used before a verb to indicate an action in progress)
国家HSK 1
[guó jiā]
country; nation; state
企业HSK 4
[qǐ yè]
company; firm; enterprise; corporation
艺术HSK 3
[yì shù]
art
家HSK 1
[jiā]
used in 家伙 and 家俱
科研HSK 6
[kē yán]
(scientific) research
人员HSK 3
[rén yuán]
staff; crew; personnel
教育HSK 2
[jiào yù]
to educate; to teach; education
机构HSK 4
[jī gòu]
mechanism; structure; organization; agency; institution
和HSK 1
[hé]
old variant of 和
社会HSK 3
[shè huì]
society
之间HSK 4
[zhī jiān]
(after a noun) between; among; amid; (used after certain bisyllabic words to form expressions indicating a short period of time, e.g. 弹指之间)
形成HSK 3
[xíng chéng]
to form; to take shape
紧密HSK 4
[jǐn mì]
inseparably close
联系HSK 3
[lián xì]
variant of 联系
基础HSK 3
[jī chǔ]
base; foundation; basis; basic; fundamental
上HSK 1
[shǎng]
used in 上声
才能HSK 3
[cái néng]
talent; ability; capacity
真正HSK 2
[zhēn zhèng]
genuine; real; true; really; indeed
落HSK 4
[là]
to leave out; to be missing; to leave behind or forget to bring; to lag or fall behind
到HSK 1
[dào]
to reach; to arrive; to leave for; to go to; to (a place); until (a time); up to (a point); (verb complement indicating arriving at a place or reaching a point); considerate; thoughtful; thorough
处HSK 4
[chǔ]
to reside; to live; to dwell; to be in; to be situated at; to stay; to get along with; to be in a position of; to deal with; to discipline; to punish
因此HSK 3
[yīn cǐ]
thus; consequently; as a result
有HSK 1
[yǒu]
to have; there is; (bound form) having; with; -ful; -ed; -al (as in 意 intentional)
必要HSK 3
[bì yào]
necessary; essential; indispensable; required
建立HSK 3
[jiàn lì]
to establish; to set up; to found
跨HSK 6
[kuà]
to step across; to stride over; to straddle; to span
部门HSK 3
[bù mén]
department; branch; section; division
协调HSK 6
[xié tiáo]
to coordinate; to harmonize; to fit together; to match (colors etc); harmonious; concerted
合作HSK 3
[hé zuò]
to cooperate; to collaborate; to work together; cooperation
机制HSK 5
[jī zhì]
mechanism
推动HSK 3
[tuī dòng]
to push (e.g. for acceptance of a plan); to promote; to give impetus to
各HSK 3
[gè]
each; every
方HSK 4
[Fāng]
surname Fang
共享HSK 5
[gòng xiǎng]
to share; to enjoy together
责任HSK 3
[zé rèn]
responsibility; blame; duty
资源HSK 4
[Zī yuán]
Ziyuan county in Guilin 林, Guangxi
共同HSK 3
[gòng tóng]
common; joint; jointly; together; collaborative
分享HSK 5
[fēn xiǎng]
to share (let others have some of sth good)
文化HSK 3
[wén huà]
culture; civilization; cultural
价值HSK 3
[jià zhí]
value; worth; fig. values (ethical, cultural etc)
创造HSK 3
[chuàng zào]
to create; to bring about; to produce; to set (a record)
带来HSK 2
[dài lái]
to bring; (fig.) to bring about; to produce
的HSK 1
[de]
of; ~'s (possessive particle); (used after an attribute); (used to form a nominal expression); (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis); also pr. [dì] or [di] in poetry and songs
成果HSK 3
[chéng guǒ]
result; achievement; gain; profit
完HSK 2
[wán]
to finish; to be over; whole; complete; entire
